WPC ?w'Ħhw'@,l׀|{](DX?@>4ò7jn;(df+u?-0J~0^!Z&cuݺ,z3~(+5[M i>na.V 3_rτtoձS#WDM&{WCq4{ h8(bXbhk:;)ګ?s1oM b5(14Dݡ |8_ ؟ hvb<8cu((^t<`(pY|Uv:8iP #GPUAg4̔TaJx.    counselstofiletheNoticeofIntentandthewritpetition.(Cal.RulesofCourt, ^  rule38(c).) ~  HOWISARULE38WRITPETITIONFILED?    StepOne: 0 ` FileaNoticeOfIntentToFileWritAndRequestForRecordinthe P JuvenileCourt."r` (#` (#   What?  b   ItsaseasyasusingtheJudicialCouncilformJV820.Thisformisattached  anditisalsoavailableattheJudicialCouncilswebsiteinfillable.pdfformat.Go  to4  O  5  http://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/forms/6& O:  7 hԀandselect juvenileformsinthe  2 window,thenscrolldowntoJV820. "R   TheadultclientmustsigntheNotice,buttheappellatecourtcanexcuse B$ theuseofcounselssignatureforanadultclientuponashowingofgoodcause. b%  (Rule38(e).)Ifyouareunabletohavetheclientsignthenoticeofintent,a &! declarationshouldbeprovidedtotheCourtofAppealwiththefiledNotice '" containingyoursignature,explainingwhyyoucouldnotgettheclients. ($  (SuzanneJ.v.SuperiorCourt(1996)46_Cal.App_.4th785;LisaS.v.SuperiorCourt )2%! (1998)62_Cal.App_.4th604[counselsdeclarationthathehaddiscussedfilingthe +V&" writwithhisclientonnumerousoccasionsandhadtheclientsauthorityand  consenttofiledoesnotshow goodcause].)AdefectiveNoticecanresultin   immediatedismissal,which isfinalastothecourtdeprivingthecourtof @ jurisdictiontorehearthematter. Thesoleremedyatthatstageistopetitionfor ` awritofhabeascorpus,establishinggoodcausefortheclientsfailuretosignthe 0  notice.(CaliforniaJuvenileDependencyPractice(CEB2005)10.98,p.570.) P     Where?      TheNoticeofIntentisfiledwiththeclerkofthejuvenilecourt.(California   JuvenileDependencyPractice,supra,10.96,p.567.) @     When?  4    TheNoticeofIntentmustbefiledwithin7daysofthedateoftheorder t settingthe.26hearingifyourclientwaspresentincourtORwithin12daysfrom  mailingiftheclientreceivednoticeofthesettingorderbymail.(Rule38(e).)The  dateoftheorderisthedatethecourtorallysetsthesection366.26hearingorally $ orthedateawrittenorderissuessettingthehearing,whicheverisearliest,except D wheretheorderisinitiallymadebyarefereewhowasnotsittingasatemporary d judge.(Rule38(e).)Inthelattercase,thetimeiscalculatedfromthedatethe 4 refereesorderbecomesfinalunderrule1417.(Rule38(e).)Thejuvenilecourt T cannotextendthistime.AlateNoticewillforfeitreview,unlesstheCourtof t Appealgrantsreliefonashowingofexceptionallygoodcause.Apremature  Noticewillnotprejudicetheclient.Therefore,itissafesttofiletheNotice7days  fromthedateofthesettinghearing,andtothisend,obtainasignedNoticeof  $ Intentearlyinthecasetokeepinyourfile. !D  StepTwo: 0 ` Reviewtherecordandaugmentitifnecessary.4$` (#` (#    Clerkspreparationoftherecord  v&!   TheclerkofthesuperiorcourtservestheNoticeandrequestontheparties ($  ofrecordandtheCourtofAppeal.(Rule38(f).)Thejuvenilecourtclerkand )&%! courtreportersmustimmediatelybeginpreparationoftherecord.(Rule38(g).) *F&" Ї   Therecord     Therecordmustincludeallreports,noticesofhearing,jurisdictional @ findingsandminuteorderscontainedinthejuvenilecourtfile,includingany ` transcriptofasoundorvideorecording,theNoticeofIntentandproofofservice; 0  andareporterstranscriptofalldatesofthehearingatwhichtheordersetting P  the.26hearingwasmade.(Rule38(g);RaynaR.v.SuperiorCourt(1993)20 p  _Cal.App_.4th1398,1405[therecordmustbe adequatetopermitreviewofthe   ruling].)       Filingoftherecord  D    TheCourtofAppealwillnotifyyouwhentherecordhasbeenfiled,andit 4  willprovideaduedateforthewritpetition.(CaliforniaJuvenileDependency T  Practice,supra,10.99,p.571.) t    Augmentingtherecord     Iftherecordpreparedbytheclerkisnotsufficient,fileamotionto H augmentitintheCourtofAppeal.Dontusetheinformalprovisionsofrule h 32.1(b)!itstooslow.Amotiontoaugmentmustbefiledwithin5daysunless 8 therecordismorethan600pages,inwhichcaseitmustbefiledwithin10days. X (Rule38.2(e).)MotionstoaugmentaregovernedbyRule12andsometimesby x localappellatecourtrule.(E.g.FirstDistrictLocalrule6.)Localappellaterules  areavailableattheJudicialCouncilswebsite:  http://_www.courtinfo.ca.gov_/courts/_courtsofappeal_/1stDistrict/localrules.htm+).  ( ThisstepcanbecircumventedbydesignatingadditionalrecordinyourNoticeof !H Intent--e.g.,exhibitsand/ormotionsthatyoufiled.Iftherecordisstill #h inadequate,filemissingrecordsasexhibitstoyourwritpetition. 8$   Thecourtmayextendtimeforfilingbriefsupto15daystopermit x&! augmentationoftherecord.(Rule38.l(e).)Unlesstheordergrantingthe '" augmentationmotionexplicitlygrantsanextensionoftime,youmustfilean ($  applicationforanextensionoftime.Formsusedbyeachappellatedistrictcanbe )(%! accessedathttp://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/courts/courtsofappeal/$/.Anextension *H&" oftimeisconsideredafavor,soastamped,addressedenvelopeforeachparty  shouldbeprovidedtotheappellatecourtwithanyrequestforanextension.    StepThree: 0 ` Filethewritpetition.`` (#` (#    What?  R    Again,theJudicialCouncilprovidesaformforthepetition.JV825is   attachedandcanbeobtainedinfillable.pdfformatat    4  O  5  http://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/forms/61 O1toy  7it1ԀjustastheNoticeofIntent.Ifyouusethis "  form,youwillensureincludingallthenecessarycomponentslistedinrule B  38.1(a). b    YoumustattachaMemorandumofPointsandAuthoritieswhichcanbe R  assembledfrombriefbankargumentsorindependentresearchandwritingas r necessary.Thestatementoffactsmaybecombinedwithstatementofthecase  butmustbeafullandfairrecitationofmaterialfactssupportedbyreferenceto  therecordorriskdefault.(Rule38.1(b);CresseS.v.SuperiorCourt(1996)50 " _Cal.App_.4th947.)Thememorandummustalsosetfortheacherrorundera F separateargumentativeheading(rule38.1(b))andshouldincludeastatementof f thestandardofreviewapplicabletotheerror(substantialevidence,abuseof 6 discretionorindependentreviewarethemostcommon).(AngelaC.v.Superior V Court(1995)36_Cal.App_.4th758.) z    Where?     ThePetitionisfiledintheCourtofAppealandservedonallparties, !N includingthejuvenilecourt.(Rule38.1(c).)Addressesfortheappellatedistrict #n courtsareattheendofthesematerials. >$    When?  ~&!   ThepetitionmustbereceivedintheCourtofAppeal10daysfromthedate ($  ofthefilingoftherecord.(Rule38.1(c).)Rule40.1(b)(theappellatemailboxrule) ).%! doesnotapply,andthepetitionisnottimelyevenifitisinthemailonthedue *N&" date.(Roxannev.SuperiorCourt(1995)35_Cal.App_.4th1008.)    DecisionallawintheFirstDistrictissomewhatunsettledastowhetherthe D timeforfilingthepetitionisjurisdictional.(See,KarlS.v.SuperiorCourt(1995) d 34_Cal.App_.4th1397andJonathanM.v.SuperiorCourt(1995)39_Cal.App_.4th 8  1826.)Sinceanuntimelypetitioncanforfeitanyappellatereviewoftheissues \  raised(AnthonyD.v.SuperiorCourt(1998)63_Cal.App_.4th149),youmustrequest |  anextensionoftimeifthereisanydoubtthepetitionwillbereceivedbythe   courtbytheduedate.     WHATHAPPENSAFTERTHEPETITIONISFILED?  P     Opposition  B    Oppositionmustbefiledandservedwithin10days(15daysifthepetition  wasservedbymail),orwithin10daysofreceivingarequestforaresponsefrom  thereviewingcourt,unlessashortertimeisdesignatedbythecourt.(Rule  38.1(c).) 2   Therulesdonotprovideforany replytotheopposition. "r    Submissionanddecision  b   Rule38.1(g)requirestheCourtofAppealtoissueawrittenopinion  decidingthepetitiononitsmerits absentexceptionalcircumstances,which  necessitatestheissuanceofanordertoshowcause( _OSC_)oranalternative  2 writ.(Rule38.1(d)).Butsee,_Maribel_ԀM.v.SuperiorCourt(1998)61_Cal.App_.4th "R 1469[declaringthisprovisionoftheruleunconstitutional].)Somecourtsdonot &#v issuean_OSC_Ԁinarule38writproceeding.Instead,theordersettingoral F$ argumentisthefunctionalequivalentofan_OSC_.(CaliforniaJuvenile f%  DependencyPractice,supra,10.98,p.578.) &!   Ifthepetitionisnotsummarilydenied,thereviewingcourtwillgenerally ($  hearoralargumentwithin30daysaftertheresponseisfiledorduetobefiled, ):%! unlessthecourtextendsthetimeforgoodcause.(Rule38.1(g);JoyceG.v.  +Z&" SuperiorCourt(1995)38_Cal.App_.4th1501.)Counselmaywaiveoralargument.    Ifthewritororderstaysorprohibitsimminentproceedingsoraddresses D  anyotherurgentsituation,thereviewingcourtclerkmustmakeareasonable d efforttonotifythejuvenilecourtclerkofthecourtsdecisionbytelephone.The 4  juvenilecourtclerkmustthennotifythejudge orofficermostdirectly T  concerned.(Rule38.1(h).) t     Finalityandfurtherreview       Asummarydenialisfinalimmediately.Apetitionforreviewinthe D  CaliforniaSupremeCourtmustbefiledwithin10days.Adecisionafterthe d  issuanceofanordertoshowcauseoralternativewrit,isfinalin30days.A 4  PetitionforRehearingmaybefiledintheCourtofAppealwithin15daysanda T  PetitionforReviewintheSupremeCourtmaybefiledwithin40days. t InstructionsandmodelsforthesepetitionscanbefoundinAppealsandWritsin  CriminalCases(CEB,January2005)1E.381E.52,pp.253274.)   WHATTYPESOFISSUESCAN/SHOULDBERAISEDINRULE38WRIT L PETITIONS?  n   Inarule38writproceeding,cognizableissuesinclude anyissuethe ` dispositionofwhichwouldnecessarilyincludereversalofanorder_sefting_Ԁa  permanentplanninghearing.(10Witkin,SummaryofCaliforniaLaw,(9thed.)  (2004Supp.)638B,pp.826-827.)  1.0  Stayofthesection366.26hearing: Thereviewingcourtmaystaythe "T hearingsetunderWelfareandInstitutionsCodesection366.26,butmust $#t requireanexceptionalshowingofgoodcause.(Rule38.1(f).)Itmaybe D$ easiertosecureacontinuanceinthejuvenilecourtthanastayinthecourt d%  ofappeal.&!(#(# 2.0  Ifthe.26hearingissetatdisposition:($ (#(#   a.0 ` jurisdictionalissuesmayberaised(KimberlyR.v.SuperiorCourt +T&" (2002)96_Cal.App_.4th1067);` (#` (#   b.0 ` failuretomakerequireddispositionfindingsorchallengestothe @ sufficiencyoftheevidencemayberaised(InreMarquisD.(1995)38 ` _Cal.App_.4th1813;InreJasmineD.(2000)82_Cal.App_.4th282);4 ` (#` (#   c.0 ` erroneousdenialofservicesmayberaised(ReneeJ.v.SuperiorCourt x  (2002)96_Cal.App_.4th1450); ` (#` (# 3.0  Ifthe.26hearingissetafterserviceshavebeenterminated:, (#(#   a.0 ` thefailuretoprovidereasonableservicescanberaised(Inre l  ElizabethR.(1995)35_Cal.App_.4th1774[generally];RobinV.v. @  SuperiorCourt(1995)33_Cal.App_.4th1158[incarceratedparent]) d  Note:itmaybewisertoarguethattherewasfaultyimplementation  ofareunificationplanthatoriginallyappearedtobesufficient,  ratherthanchallengetheoriginalplan.Atleasttwocourtshaveheld  theaplanapprovedataprevioushearingmaynotbechallengedby 8 meansofawrittakenfromasubsequentreviewhearing.(SteveJ.v. X SuperiorCourt(1994)35_Cal.App_.4th798;JohnF.v.SuperiorCourt ,| (1996)43_Cal.App_.4th400;seealsoInreDanielK.(61_Cal.App_.4th P 661,668);t` (#` (#   b.0 ` erroneousterminationofservicescanberaised(DariaD.v.Superior  Court(1998)61_Cal.App_.4th606)(` (#` (#   c.0 ` ICWAnoticeissuescanberaised(DwayneP.v.SuperiorCourt(2002) "l 103_Cal.App_.4th217)@#` (#` (# 4.0  Ifthe.26hearingissetatasection388hearing,erroneousdenialofthe388 %  petitioncanberaised(InreAnthonyB.(1999)72_Cal.App_.4th1017;Inre &! CliftonV.(2001)93_Cal.App_.4th1400) '#(#(#  STANDARDSOFREVIEWANDSTANDARDSOFPREJUDICE      DeNovoorIndependentReview  B __  Oftenconsideredthemostfavorablestandardfrompetitionersstandpoint, 2  thisstandardrequiresthereviewingcourttostandintheshoesofthetrialcourt. R    Itisapplicabletoalllegalormixedfactual/legalquestions(Peoplev.Cole   (2004)33Cal.4th1158,12171218;_Ghirardo_Ԁv._Antonioli_(1994)8Cal.4th791,799    801),includingstatutoryconstructionandconstitutionality(Peoplev.Health *  LaboratoriesofNorthAmerica,Inc.(2001)87_Cal.App_.4th442,445),whether N  proceduraldueprocesshasbeenafforded(_C.V.C._Ԁv.SuperiorCourt(1973)29 "r  _Cal.App_.3d909,919920[distinguishingstandardaffordedthesubstantiveissue F  fromtheusualstandardonmandamusreview]),wetherthefactsestablishabasis f  forreliefunderthestatutoryprovisions(InreRyanD.(2002)100_Cal.App_.4th854,  861862[amodifiedsubstantialevidencetest]),andthoughnotusuallydone,it  shouldbeappliedtosummarydenialofasection388petitionwithouthearing  (see,InreJeremyW.(1992)3_Cal.App_.4th1407,GRԀ1416#RG`#). :   Thoughusedinterchangeably,technically, [_i]ndependent_Ԁreviewisnot .~ theequivalentofdenovoreviewinwhichareviewingcourtmakesanoriginal N appraisalofalltheevidencetodecidewhetherornotitbelievestheoutcome n shouldhavebeendifferent.(InreGeorgeT.(2004)33Cal.4th620,634.)Itis,  ratheranindependentreviewoftherecord,withdeferencetothefoundfacts,  assumingtheyaresupportedbysubstantialevidence,forlegalerror.(Ibid.) " Adenovostandardrequiresthecourts independentjudgmentonthe  F evidence.(_C.V.C._Ԁv.SuperiorCourt,supra,29_Cal.App_.3datp.920;InreRyanD., "f supra,100_Cal.App_.4thatpp.861862.) :#    SubstantialEvidence  ~%    Acommonstandardusedtoattackjudgmentsandrulingsgoestothefacts '# uponwhichthosejudgments,rulingsorordersarebased.Itessentiallyasks (.$  whetherthejuvenilecourtsfindingsissupportbysome substantialevidence. )N%! Itdoesnotpermitthereviewingcourttoweighconflictingdefenseevidence +n&" againsttheDepartments,nordoesit(usually)askwhethertheevidenceis  sufficienttoconvincetheappellatecourtthatthematerialfactssatisfiedthe   burdenofproofapplicableinthetrialcourt.Thesubstantialevidencestandard @ maybeappliedtoanyfindingororder.(Seee.g.,InreRoccoM.(1991)1 ` _Cal.App_.4th814,820[jurisdiction];InreJasmineC.,supra,106_Cal.App_.4th177 4  [disposition/caseplan];RobertL.v.SuperiorCourt(1996)45_Cal.App_.4th619,625 X  [dependencyreviewhearings];InreAlvinR.,supra,108_Cal.App_.4th962 |  [reasonableservicesfinding].Seealso,SheilaS.v.SuperiorCourt(2000)84   _Cal.App_.4th872[decisiononasection388petition].)      Theappellatecourtisboundbythefactfindersconclusionrejecting T  petitionershypothesisandbelievingevidencesupportingrespondentsasthe $t  morereasonablehypothesis.Onappeal,thecourtcannotweighconflictsor D  disputesintheevidence.(InreRyan.N.(2001)92_Cal.App_.4th1359,13711373;In d  reJasmineC.(1999)70_Cal.App_.4th71,75;InreAlbertB.(1989)215_Cal.App_.3d  361,375.)Somecourtsreviewing_dispositional_Ԁorders,havehoweveradopted  therulethat [_w]hen_Ԁapplyingthesubstantialevidencetest,however,webearin  mindtheheightenedburdenofproof.(Inre_Kristin_ԀH.(1996)46_Cal.App_.4th1635, < 1654,54Cal._Rptr_.2d722.)Underthisburdenofproof, evidencemustbeso ` clearastoleavenosubstantialdoubt.Itmustbesufficientlystrongtocommand 0 theunhesitatingassentofeveryreasonablemind.[Citation.](InreMonicaC., P supra,31_Cal.App_.4thatp.306.)(InreAlvinR.(2003)108_Cal.App_.4th962,971.) t   Substantialevidenceisnotjust anyevidence.[Citations.]Adecision  supportedbyamerescintillaofevidenceneednotbeaffirmedonappeal. , [Citation.](InreSavannahM.(2005)131_Cal.App_.4th1387,1393.)Substantial  L evidenceisevidencewhichis ofponderablelegalsignificance...reasonablein  "p nature,credible,andofsolidvalue.(Peoplev.Johnson(1980)26Cal.3d557,576; @# InreJasmineC.(2003)106_Cal.App_.4th177,180;InreJasmineC.,supra,70 d$ _Cal.App_.4thatp.75;Inre_Lynna_ԀB.(1979)92_Cal.App_.3d682,695.) While %  substantialevidencemayconsistofinferences,suchinferencesmustbe a &! productoflogicandreasonand mustrestontheevidence[citation];inferences '# thataretheresultofmerespeculationorconjecturecannotsupportafinding (@$  [citations].(InreSavannahM.,supra,131_Cal.App_.4th,atpp.13931394,italicsin *d%! original.Accord,Peoplev.Ruiz(1990)217_Cal.App_.3d574,583[inferences 8+&" warrantingdeferenceonappealmustbereasonableconclusionsfromthe  evidence,notbaseduponsuspicion,imagination,speculationorconjecture];   Krausev._Apodaca_(1960)186_Cal.App_.2d413,418[same].) @   AbuseofDiscretion  4    Themostcommonstandardtobefoundinjuveniledependencycases,it t  hasafactualandalegalcomponent.Thetrialjudgesexerciseofdiscretioncan   beattackedonbothpoints.Ifevenoneisfatallyflawed,errorisestablished.    8  Thereviewingcourtmustconsideralltheevidence,drawall D  reasonableinferences,andresolveallevidentiaryconflicts,inalight d  mostfavorabletothetrialcourt'sruling.[Citation.]Theprecisetest 4  iswhetheranyrationaltrieroffactcouldconcludethatthetrialcourt T  orderadvancedthebestinterestsofthechild.[Citation.]Weare t requiredtoupholdtherulingifitiscorrectonanybasis,regardless  ofwhetheritisthegroundrelieduponbythetrialjudge.[Citation.]  [Citation.]Thetrialcourtisaccordedwidediscretionandits $ determinationwillnotbedisturbedonappealabsent amanifest D showingofabuse.[Citation.]d   (InreRobertL.(1993)21_Cal.App_.4th1057,1067,quotingInreMarriageofCarlson T (1991)229_Cal.App_.3d1330,1337and_Gudelj_Ԁv._Gudelj_Ԁ(1953)41Cal.2d202,208.) x 8  Thediscretionintended,however,isnotacapriciousorarbitrary   discretion,butanimpartialdiscretion,guidedandcontrolledinits  , exercisebyfixedlegalprinciples.Itisnotamentaldiscretion,tobe !L exercisedexgratia,butalegaldiscretion,tobeexercisedin #l conformitywiththespiritofthelawandinamannertosubserve <$ andnottoimpedeordefeattheendsofsubstantialjustice.\%    (RobertL.,supra,quotingBaileyv._Taaffe_(1866)29Cal.422,424.Accord,Peoplev. '" Williams(1998)17Cal.4th148,158160.) ($  8  Wefindnoauthoritydistinguishingbetweeninsufficientevidence +T&" andabuseofdiscretion.Itwouldseemobviousthat,iftherewereno  evidencetosupportthedecision,therewouldbeanabuseof   discretion.Butwedonotthinkthatitfollowsthattherecanbeno @ abuseofdiscretioniftherebeanyevidencetosupportthedecision. ` Itiscertainlytruethattherecouldbeacasewherethedecisionis 0  obviouslynotforthebestinterestsofthechild,eventhoughthereis P  someevidencetosupportit.p    (RobertL.,supra,atp.1066,quotingStackv.Stack(1961)189_Cal.App_.2d357,368.)   8  [_N]either_Ԁwenorthejuvenilecourtcanrelyuponfactual D  assumptions--gleanedfromSSAs regular_supervisorial_Ԁpractices d  toestablishclearandconvincingevidence.SSAisnotamachine;itis 4  ateamwhichincludesnumerousindividualcaseworkers--eachof T  whomisexpectedtogiveindividualattentiontotheneedsofeach t case.Thefactthatmostsocialworkersdothingsacertainwaydoes  notestablishclearandconvincingevidencethateventhosesocial  workersalwaysactthatway--letalonethatanothersocialworker $ necessarilydidsoinconnectionwiththecaseatissue.IfSSAwishes D thecourttoconsidercertainactionsofthesocialworkerasevidence d inaparticularcase,thenSSAmustintroduceevidencethatthose 4 actionstookplaceinthatcase.Thecourtcannotmerelyassumeit. T []Ofcourse,wearemindfulofthebasicrequirementthatwe t indulgeallinferencesinfavorofthefactualconclusionsreachedby  thetrialcourt.(InreKatrinaC.(1988)201Cal.App.3d540,547[247  Cal._Rptr_.784].)Butthoseconclusionsmustbebasedupon  ( substantialevidencewhichappearsintherecord,notuponthe !H court'sownunarticulatedassumptions.#h   (DavidB.v.SuperiorCourt(2004)123_Cal.App_.4th768,794795.) X%    Ifthetrialcourtismistakenaboutthescopeofitsdiscretion,themistaken '" positionmaybereasonable,i.e.,oneastowhichreasonablejudgescoulddiffer. ( $  [Citation.]Butifthetrialcourtactsinaccordwithitsmistakenviewtheactionis ),%! nonethelesse_rror_;itiswrongonthelaw.(CityofSacramentov.Drew(1989)207 *L&" _Cal.App_.3d1287,1298.Accord,Peoplev.Marquez(1983)143_Cal.App_.3d797,803  [ anerroneousunderstandingbythetrialcourtofitsdiscretionarypowerisnota $ trueexerciseofdiscretion].) D   Prejudice  4    Unlessyouareabletoshowaconstitutionalerror,youwillberequiredto t  showactualprejudicefromtheerror.Prejudiceisundueharm(i.e.thatwhich   goesbeyondanadversedecisionresultingfromaproperlyconducted    proceeding.(See,Peoplev.Yu(1983)143_Cal.App_.3d358,377.) $    Reversibleerrorperse!i.e.notsubjecttoaharmlesserroranalysisunder h  anystandardisreservedforatinygroupoferrors.Theonlytwothatmight 8  applyindependencycasesare:(1)acompletedenialofcounsel(Gideonv. X  Wainwright(1963)372U.S.335[9_L.Ed_.2d799,83_S.Ct_.792]);and(2)abiased | judicialofficer(_Tumey_Ԁv.Ohio(1927)273U.S.510[71_L.Ed_.749,47_S.Ct_.437]).  Thoughthesecasesaroseinthecriminalcontextwithfull6thAmendment  protections,theprinciplescouldbecarriedoverintodependencyproceedings. 4 (See,InreRichardW.(1979)91_Cal.App_.3d960[biasedjudicialofficer];Adoptionof T Richardson(1967)251_Cal.App_.2d222[same];InreO.S.(2002)102_Cal.App_.4th (x 1402,1407[constitutionalrighttocounsel];InreLauraH.(1992)8_Cal.App_.4th L 1689,1694,fn.5[same].Seealso,Inre_Daijah_ԀT.(2000)83_Cal.App_.4th666,675676 p [denialofstatutoryrighttoahearingreversedwithoutharmlesserroranalysis];  InreMatthewP.(1999)71_Cal.App_.4th841[same].Butsee,InreStacyT.(1997)51  _Cal.App_.4th1415[applicationofChapmanharmlesserrorstandard].)Acoupleof ( errorsuniquetodependencycasesthathavebeenheldreversiblepersearethe  L nonconsensualanderroneousappointmentofaguardianadlitemforaparent "l (InreC.G.(2005)129_Cal.App_.4th127)andthelatediscoveryofasocialworkers <# reportforareviewhearing(JudithP.v.SuperiorCourt(2002)102_Cal.App_.4th `$ 535.) %    Federalharmlesserror,reservedforconstitutionalerror!prejudice '# presumedunderChapmanv.California(1967)386U.S.18,23[17_L.Ed_.2d705,87 (4$  _S.Ct_.824],unlessrespondentcanshowtheerrorwasharmlessbeyonda *X%! reasonabledoubt,i.e.thattheresultwas surelyunattributabletotheerror. (+x&" (Sullivanv.Louisiana(1993)508U.S.275,279[124_L.Ed_.2d182,113_S.Ct_.2078].)  Thiserrorcanbeappliedtoanyerrorthatimplicatesfederaldueprocess $ protections.Ithasbeenappliedtothedenialofacontestedhearing(see,Inre D StacyT.,supra,51_Cal.App_.4th1415)andinadequatenoticeofhearing(Inre h AngelaC.(2002)99_Cal.App_.4th389).Butsee,Inre_Meranda_ԀP.(1997)56Cal.App. <  4th1143,1158,fn.9[questioningapplicabilityofChapmantodependencycasesin `  general].)     Finally,thestandardforstatutoryerrorunderstatelaw,andtheonemost    frequentlyappliedtoerrorsindependencycases:anerrorisprejudicialand 4  requiresreversalonlywhenthereviewingcourtisoftheopinionthatitis T   reasonablyprobablethataresultmorefavorabletotheappealingpartywould $t  havebeenreachedintheabsenceoftheerror.(_Cassim_Ԁv.AllstateIns.Co.(2004) D  33Cal.4th780,800;CollegeHospital,Inc.v.SuperiorCourt(1994)8Cal.4th704, h  715.)[A]probabilityinthiscontextdoesnotmeanmorelikelythannot,but  merelyareasonablechance,morethananabstractpossibility.(Ibid.)Under  thisstandardcounselwillhavetodiscusshowtheerrorharmedhis/herclients   abilitytoachieveajustresult.Thisisprobablythemostimportantpartofthe @ argument,andthepartonwhichcounselshouldusuallyspendthemosttime. `  CONFIDENTIALITY P    Therecordinalljuvenileproceedings,includingthepetitionandany  responseinrule38proceedingsmaybeinspectedonlybycourtpersonnel,the  parties,theirattorneys,andotherpersonsdesignatedbythecourt;andall " records shallprotecttheanonymityoftheparties.Thecourtmayalsolimitor  B prohibitpublicadmissionatoralargument.(Rule37(b).)Thus,thelastnamesof "b partiesshouldbeexcludedfromallfilings.Parties(andevennon-parties)are 2# bestidentifiedbyfirstnameandtheinitialletterofthelastname(e.g., Mary R$ C.)orbyadescriptiveterm(e.g., motheror fostermother). Ifthefirst r%  nameisunusualorothercircumstanceswoulddefeattheobjectiveofanonymity, &! thepartysinitialsmaybeused.(Rule37(c)(2).) '#   ("$   WHATIFCOUNSELFINDSNOISSUE,ANDTHECLIENTSTILLWANTS  TOFILEAWRITPETITION?  "   Counselisundernodutytofileameritlesswritpetition.Counselshould d explainthewritrequirementandprovidetheclientwithanyformsthatmay 4  assisttheclientinproceedinginproper.(SueE.v.SuperiorCourt(1997)54 T  _Cal.App_.4th399.)IftrialcounselfindsnoissueafterfilingofaNoticeofIntent, x  counselshouldconsultwiththelocalappellateproject.Also,counselhasnoduty   tofilearule38writpetitionintheabsenceofclientauthorization.(JaniceJ.v.    SuperiorCourt(1997)55_Cal.App_.4th690.) ,   COURTADDRESSES   p  CaliforniaSupremeCourt b  350_McAllister_ԀStreet  SanFrancisco,California94102  FirstDistrictCourtofAppeal 2 350_McAllister_ԀStreet R SanFrancisco,California94102 "r SecondDistrictCourtofAppeal(Divisions1-5,7&8) b RonaldReaganStateBuilding  300So.SpringStreet,2ndFloor  LosAngeles,California90013  SecondDistrictCourtofAppeal(Division6)  2 CourtPlace "R 200EastSantaClaraStreet "#r Ventura,California93001 B$ ThirdDistrictCourtofAppeal &! 900NStreet '" Room400 ($  Sacramento,California95814-4869 )2%!  +R&" FourthDistrictCourtofAppeal  DivisionOne   750BStreet,Suite300 @ SanDiego,California92101 ` FourthDistrictCourtofAppeal P  DivisionTwo p  3389TwelfthStreet   Riverside,California92501   FourthDistrictCourtofAppeal @  DivisionThree `  925N._Spurgeon_ԀStreet 0  SantaAna,California92701-3724 P  MailingAddress: p POBox22055  SantaAna,California92702  FifthDistrictCourtofAppeal @ 2525CapitolStreet ` Fresno,California93721 0 SixthDistrictCourtofAppeal p 333W.SantaClaraStreet  Suite1060  SanJose,California95113    APPELLATEPROJECTTELEPHONENUMBERS  #` FirstDistrictAppellateProject R%  4154953119 r&! 4ic O  5  http://www.fdap.org/6 O   7 Ҵ '"   ($  CaliforniaAppellateProject,LA(SecondDistrict)  213-243-0300   4ic O  5  http://www.lacap.com/6۵ O   7X  @ CentralCaliforniaAppellateProgram(ThirdandFifthDistricts) 0  9164413792 P  4ic O  5  http://www.capcentral.org/6! O5   7c p  AppellateDefenders(FourthDistrict)   6196960282   4ic O  5  http://www.adi-sandiego.com/6Q Oe   74 @  SixthDistrictAppellateProgram 0  408241-6171 P  4 O  5  http://www.sdap.org/6~ O   7  p    fR n fFrequentlyAskedQuestions  AboutthePreparationandFilingofRule38Writs#f n#XXf  F "+3"  +3]2#  1  .3  0    WhatarethecriteriaIshouldusetodecideifIhavetodoawrit?What T makesawrit frivolous?Isitmydecisionalone,ordoIhavetofile l  somethingifmyclientinsists?+3]݌ (#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Counselisnotrequiredtofileafrivolouswritpetition(SueE.v.   SuperiorCourt(1997)54_Cal.App_.4th399)orintheabsenceofclient    authorization(JaniceJ.v.SuperiorCourt(1997)55_Cal.App_.4th 4  690).PriortofilingtheNoticeofIntent,counselshouldadvisethe L  clientregardingtheprocedureandassistwithaproperfiling.Ifa d  NoticeofIntenthasbeenfiled,andcounselsubsequentlyconcludes ,|  thereisnomerittothepetition,counselshouldconsultwiththelocal D  appellateproject.\` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  2  .3  0    Iheardthatmyclienthastosignthe NoticeofIntenttofileawritform,  butIcantgettomyclientintimetofiletheNoticetimely.WhatshouldI  do?+3K݌ (#(# Ќ    0 ` A.ThereisnolegalorlogicalbarriertohavingaclientsignaNotice < ofIntentatthefirstmeeting,tobefiledintheeventitbecomes T necessary.Inaddition,theappellatecourtcanexcusetheuseof l counselssignatureforanadultclientuponashowingofgoodcause, 4 providedincounselsdeclarationaccompanyingtheNotice.(Rule L 38(e);LisaS.v.SuperiorCourt(1998)62_Cal.App_.4th604.)d ` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  3  .3  0    Doesmyclienthavetosigntheactualwritiftheysignedthe Noticeof " Intentform,orcanIsignthat(liketheJudicialCouncilformseemsto # offer)?+3E݌$ (#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Counselcansigntheactualpetition.(Rule38(c);Rule38.1(a);Rule &D" 38.1(b).)Compare,Rule38(e)expresslyrequiringtheparttosignthe  (\#  NoticeofIntent.) $)t$!` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  4  .3  0    AfterafiledmywritIreceivedan OrdertoShowCausefromthe  AppellateCourtindicatingthattheSuperiorCountneededtorespondasto   whythiswritshouldnotbegranted.Doesthatmeananythingabouttheir 0 viewofthemeritsofmywrit?+3݌H(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.IftheCourtintendstodecidethepetitiononitsmerit,itmust ( x eitherissuean_OSC_.However,somecourtssimplyissueanoral @  argumentnoticeafterreceiptofresponse.X ` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  5  .3  0    Whatinformationneedstobeonthecoverofmywrit?WhatifIdont   havesomeofthatinformationyet(liketheAppellateCourtnumber)?+3݌ (#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Thecovershouldberedcoverstock.Itshouldhavethetitleof   thecourt,thecasenameandnumber,includingthetrialcourtnumber, 8  thecourtandjudicialofficerthepetitionistakenfrom,yourname, P barnumberandaddress,anditshouldbeentitled, Petitionfor h ExtraordinaryWrit(Cal.RulesofCt.,rule38).(SeeRule44(c)and 0 (d)andRule14(b)(10)forformatofcoversintheCourtofAppeal.) H YoucanfindtheappellatecasenumberontheNoticeofFilingofthe ` Record.Ifyoucannotfindthat,simplycalltheappellatecourtclerk. x Mostdeputyclerksareveryhelpful.` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  6  .3  0    Whoarethe RealPartiesinInterestforaRule38writ?+3݌(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.TheDepartment.@` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  7  .3  0    Tellmeabouttheformatofthedocument:+3݌ !p(#(# Ќ  ",;"  ,;0  2#  a  .3  0` (#(#  ArethereparticularfontsorfontsizesthatImayuseorthatImust P# notuse?,;݌h$` (#` (# Ќ    0 ` 0 ` (#` (#A.Allselfdrafteddocumentsmustbedoneinatleast13point &! romanortheequivalentifproportionaltype;Courier12pointis '#  alsopermittedifthebriefistypewritten.Largerisbetter ($! withinreason.(SeeRule14.))0%" (# (#  *H&# ",;"  ,;0  2#  b  .3  0` (#(#  MusttheMemorandumofPointsandAuthoritiesbesinglepaged,  doublespaced8evenifitisanattachmenttotheJudicialCouncil  form?,;݌0` (#` (# Ќ    0 ` 0 ` (#` (#A.Allselfdraftedlinesmustbeatleast1.5spaced.(See  ` Rule14.)( x (# (# ",;"  ,;0  2#  c  .3  0` (#(#  Arefootnotessupposedtobedoublespacedtoo?,;݌X ` (#` (# Ќ    0 ` 0 ` (#` (#A.No,buttheymustbeinthesamesizedfontasthemain   bodyofthebrief.(SeeRule14.)  (# (# ",;"  ,;0  2#  d  .3  0` (#(#  ArethereparticularmarginrequirementsthatImustfollow?,;݌ ` (#` (# Ќ    0 ` 0 ` (#` (#A.Allselfdrafteddocumentsmusthave1.5inchmarginson P thesidesand1inchmargins,topandbottom.Thebriefistobe h permanentlyboundattheleftside!eitherwithstaples 0 (covered)or_velo_Ԅbinding.(SeeRule14.)H (# (# "+3"  +3A2#  8  .3  0    IsittruethatIshouldnotusethechildrenslastnamesinmydocument? x Whataboutmyclientslastname?Howismyclientsupposedtosignthe  formwithoutusinghisorherlastname?+3An݌(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.AccordingtoRule37,onlyalastinitialshouldbeused.TheNotice ( ofIntentisfiledwiththeJuvenileCourt.Itistruethattherecord @ willhavelastnamesinthem,butyourdocumentshouldcomplywith  X Rule37. !p` (#` (# "+3"  +3H2#  9  .3  0    HowcanIrespecttheconfidentialityofthechildren(andnotgetintrouble P# myself)ifIamrequiredtoservechildren10andover,whenImustshow h$ theiraddressontheProofofService?+3Hu݌% (#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Youmayprovidethechildsfirstnameandlastinitial,andindicate: '#   Childsfullnameandaddresswithheldtoensureconfidentiality(Rule ($! 37).Thesamewithyourclient.)0%"` (#` (#  *H&# "+3 "  +322#  10  .3  0    ThereisfactualinformationthatIneedtoreferencethatisnotcontained  intheCourtsTranscriptorReportersTranscript?DoIhavetodoa   MotiontoAugment,orcanIjustcalltheClerkandpointoutthe 0 deficiencyandaskthemtocorrectthisoversight?IfIhavetodothe H motion,howdoIdoit?IsthereaJudicialCouncilformforthattoo?+32_݌ `(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Itisbesttogodirectlytoanaugmentmotionratherthanan @  informalrequesttotheJuvenileCourt,becausetimeisshort.A X  motiontoaugmentmustbefiledwithin5daysoftherecordbeing p  filedunlesstherecordismorethan600pages,inwhichcaseitmust   befiledwithin10days.(Rule38.2(e).)Somedistrictshaveforms   (e.g.theSecondDistrict).Checkthedistrictspageatthejudicial   counselswebsite:   46 `  O  5  #XJ XXXa##R XXJ%#http://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/courts/courtsofappealfRXXf6 O*"  7 zXԀYoucanalsoget 8  samplemotionsatappellateproject_websites_,orbycallingyourlocal X appellateproject. p` (#` (#   0 ` YoucanalsodesignateadditionalrecordinyourNoticeofIntent-- P e.g.,exhibitsand/ormotionsthatyoufiled,thatmaybeoutsidethe h  normalrecord.If,afteranaugmentmotion,therecordisstill  inadequate,filemissingrecordsasexhibitstoyourwritpetition.` (#` (# "+3 "  +32#  11  .3  0    IonceheardthatIcanappeal ordersbutnot findings,andtheissuein  mycasehastodowiththe findingofreasonableservices.HowdoI 0 challengethat?(OrshouldInotconcernmyselfwithsuchminutia?)+3݌H(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Ordersmustbesupportedbyvalidfindings.Youarechallenging (!x theordermadeatthereviewhearingonthebasisthatthefindingof @" reasonableserviceswaserroneous(e.g.notsupportedbysubstantial X# evidence). p$` (#` (# "+3 "  +32#  12  .3  0    IheardthatIamsupposetobeclearinmywritaboutcitingthe standard  forreview.IsntthestandardofreviewgoingtobethesameineveryRule  38writ?Dotheyreallywantmetorecitethem ruleslikethisthatthey 0 knowfarbetterthanIdo?+3-݌H(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Abriefstatementofthestandardofreviewwillbeahelpfulguide ( x forthecourt.Indeed,thecourtstaffassignedtothecasemaynot @  befamiliarwiththeapplicablestandardofreviewinyourcase.See X  theextensivediscussioninthematerials.p ` (#` (# "+3 "  +32#  13  .3  0    Tacticallyspeaking,shouldIchallengeeverypossibleissue(e.g.the    sufficiencyoftheevidence)evenifIseriouslydoubtanypossiblesuccess   onthoseissues?OrshouldIsticktothe winnerissuesandnotcloudthe   writwith loserissues?+3݌8 (#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Thisisajudgmentcall.Certainly,itwillnothelptoinclude h frivolousissues,butfailuretoincludea_colorable_Ԁclaimwillforfeit 0 reviewofthatclaimforever.Ontheotherhand,youmayhaveavery H compellingthemetothechieferrorsinyourcase,andclutteringthe ` briefwithmarginalerrorsunrelatedtothatthememaynotbe x desirable.` (#` (# "+3 "  +32#  14  .3  0    TowhatextentmustIarguelawandfactsastowhythe extraordinary  reliefofawritshouldbegrantedinthiscase?Isntitsufficientthatthis ( isaRule38writreviewingcourtordersthatarerequiredtobechallenged @ byRule38Writsalone?+3݌ X(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Itissufficientthatyouareraisingerrorsthatmayonlyberaised 8" inthisvehicle.However,oftenyouwillberequiredtodiscussundera P# prejudiceheadinghowyourclientwasharmedbytheerror.(Seethe h$ materialsunder StandardsofPrejudice.) % ` (#` (# "+3"  +3L2#  15  .3  0    IfIusetheJudicialCouncilFormtofilemywrit,whichoftheitemssuchas   TableofContents, TableofAuthorities, WordCountandsuchneedto  accompanymywrit?Dothoseitemsneedtobepaginated,ormadewith 0 headersorfooterstobeusedwiththeform?+3Ly݌H(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Thoughtherulestodoappeartorequirethem,thetablesare ( x usuallypaginatedwith _i_,ii,iii,etc.andincludedpriortothebodyof @  thedocumentitself.Thecertificationofwordcountisoften X  insertedonaseparatepageafterthesignaturepageandbeforethe p  ProofofService,butthispracticevaries. ` (#` (# "+3"  +3]2#  16  .3  0    What factsneedtobeinthe Petitionportionofthewrit,versuswhat   factsneedtobeinmy StatementofFactsandtheCaseinmy   MemorandumofPointsandAuthorities?+3]݌8 (#(# Ќ    0 ` A.ThefactsstatedintheJudicialCouncilformshouldbelimited h thosethatstatetheelementsoftheclaim.ThefactsintheP&Ascan 0 bemoredetailed,butshouldstillbelimitedtofactsmaterialtothe H claimsraised.(SeeRule38.1(a)and(b).)`` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  17  .3  0    Howmuchdetailisneededinmy StatementofFactsandtheCase?For  instance,mustIrecitethedateandoutcomeofeveryhearinginthecase  fromthedateofremovaluptothecontested18FR8orcanI cuttothe  chaseandjustputinthefactsrelevanttotheissuesIamaddressing?+3݌((#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Thebasicproceduralhistoryofthecaseshouldbesetout,  X includinganyfactsmaterialtoyourclaims,butimmaterialdetailscan  !p andshouldbeomitted.(SeeRule38.1(a)and(b).) 8"` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  18  .3  0    Whataretheacceptablewaystocitetotheofficialrecord?CanIjustcite   CTor RTandpagenumber,ordoIneedmore(likelinenumberand/or  volumenumber)?+3݌0(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Startingthisyear,wearesupposedtoincludevolume#inourRT  ` cites.So, CT5forpage5oftheClerksTranscriptand RTI,p.5 ( x forpage5ofvolumeIoftheReportersTranscriptarefine.Line @  numbersareunnecessary.X ` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  19  .3  0    CanIrecitealistoffactsinaparagraphandincludeonelongciteatthe   endofthatparagraph?OrmustIputaciteaftereachfactand/oreach   fact?+3݌ (#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Thelatterispreferred,accordingtostaffattheCourtofAppeal, 8  thoughdensetestimonyonacoupleofpagesmaylenditselftoasingle P citationattheendofaparagraph.h` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  20  .3  0    HowmanycopiesofthewritshouldImake?+3݌H(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.4copiesfortheCourtofAppeal,1copyfortheJuvenileCourt,1 x copyfortheDepartment,1copyforanyotherparty,1copyforyour  clientand1copyforyou.` (#` (# "+3"  +3 2#  21  .3  0    WherecanIfindthecontactinformationfortheAppellateCourtthatI ( needtofilemywrit(sothatIcanaskquestionslikehoursanddirections)?+3  ݌@(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.47  O  5  #XJ XXX##R XXJ#http://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/courts/courtsofappealfRXXf6%  O9 "  7 g  !p` (#` (# "+3"  +3 2#  22  .3  0    HowlongafterfilingmywritshouldIexpecttohearabouttheoutcome?+3  ݌X#(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Thecourtmustdecideacasewithin90daysofsubmissioneither %  afteroralargumentorwithoutit.The_timelines_Ԁpriortosubmission &! arenotregulatedbyanythingbythecourtsinternalpractices. '# ` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  23  .3  0    DoIhavetousethe CaliforniaStyleManualforformat?Orwillmywrits  successsufferifIuse,forinstance,the BlueBook?+3-݌(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.TheCaliforniaRulesofCourtmakestheCaliforniaStyleManual H thepresumptiveauthorityonstyle.Itcanbepurchasedthrough  ` Wests48in"  O  5  http://west.thomson.com/product/12231786/product.asp6C OWng.  7in.!Ԁfor ( x approximately$17.00.However,consistentreasonablyinformative @  citationswillgetthejobdone.X ` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  24  .3  0    AsIdomyMemorandumofPointsandAuthorities,inhowmuchdetaildoI   needto exploreeachrelevantcase?CanImerelyindicatethatcases X,    Yand Zstandforaparticularproposition?MustIalwaysdiscusseach   caseIsightseparately,talkingaboutitsfactsandissues,andthenrelating   themtomycase?+3݌8 (#(# Ќ    0 ` A.TheP&Asforawritarenodifferentthanthoseforamotion.If h youareaddressinganissueoffirstimpression,morediscussionwill 0 beneeded.Ifyouaresettingforthanestablishedruleorstandard,a H singlesentencewithacitationshouldbesufficient.`` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  25  .3  0    CanIwritea standardwritwitha standardMemorandumofPointsand  Authoritieschallenging,forinstance, reasonableservices,andthenjust  plugincasenumbers,recordcitations,andpartynames?(Comeon!One   reasonableserviceschallengeisjustlikeanotheronewhenitcomestothe ( caselawcited.)+3݌@(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Boilerplateandformargumentscanbeuseful,aslongastheyare  !p tailoredandappliedtothecaseathand.TheCourtofAppealwillnot 8" usuallyindependentlysearchforerrorandargumentifyoudont P# presentit. h$` (#` (# "+3"  +32#  26  .3  0    Whenisitadvisabletoaskfororalargument?(Igetthedistinctfeeling  theydontwanttohearfromme!)+3݌(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Manyappellatejudgeshaveexpresslystatedthattheyappreciate H oralargumentifitisusedwell.Donotplantogetupthereand  ` regurgitateyourbrief.Onejusticeshaspubliclystatedthathetakes ( x itasaconcessionifappellantdoesnotaskfororalargument. @  However,heappearstobeinaverysmallminority.Again,thisisa X  judgmentcall,butcounselmayconsiderwhethertheissueorthecase p  presentsaparticularlyinterestingissueorunusuallypoignant   injustice.Sometimesoralargumentisadvisableforthepurposeof   clientcontrol.Youwilllikelyonlyget5minutes,so... ` (#` (# "+3"  +3 2#  27  .3  0    Ichallengedaproceduraldueprocesstypeissue!thefailureoftheCourt 8  and/orAgencytodosomethingtheyhadtodounderstatuteandcaselaw. P ThedecisionbytheAppellateCourtwasafourpagerecitationofallofthe h  factsleastfavorabletomyclientandafindingthat underthetotalityof 0 thecircumstancestheycouldnotsaythattherewaserror?(Ortheysaid H thattheerrorwas harmless!)Thisisincrediblyaggravating!ShouldI ` havedonesomethingdifferently?+3 6݌x(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Notnecessarily.Theonlyreasonyoutookthewritwasbecause  youlostintheJuvenileCourt.TheCourtofAppealisboundtouphold  atrialcourtdecisionifitcan.Sometimes,thereisnogettingover ( thebadfactsofyourcase.@` (#` (# "+3"  +3#2#  28  .3  0    What(andwhere)arerulesaboutrespondingtomywrit?Whydoesitseem  !p thattheCountygetstorespondtomydetailedbriefwitha letterbrief? 8" CanIreplytotheirresponse(byletterbrief)?+3##݌P#(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.TherearenoprovisionsforrepliesinRule38writs.Respondent %  canrelyonthinbriefs,becausethepresumptionofcorrectnessisin &! theirfavor. '# ` (#` (# "+3"  +3c&2#  29  .3  0    Ihaveapaidticketforanexpensivevacationinthenexttwoweeks.Isnt  therea goodcauseexceptiontotheduedateforthiswrit?(Willthe  justicescanceltheirvacationstoreadmywrittoo?)+3c&&݌0(#(# Ќ    0 ` A.Likely,thejusticeswilltakeyourpetitionwiththemonvacation.  ` Extensionsmaybegrantedforgoodcause,buttheywillbedifficult ( x togetinthiscontext.Thesewritsareabaddealforeveryone, @  becausetheyplaceexpediencyattheforefront.Theyaretheresult X  ofpolitics,notlaw.UntilwesuccessfullylobbytheLegislatureto p  change_WIC_Ԁ366.36,subd.(l),weandourclientsarestuckwiththis   solemechanismforreview.#XJ XXX ##R XXJ #