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(x  theStateofCalifornia, < Respondent. P 򀀀 d OnPetitionForaWritofCertioraritotheCaliforniaCourtof x Appeal,FirstAppellateDistrict,Division XXXXX   򀀀   PetitionforWritofCertiorari      [attorneyname]* ! [attorneyaddress] " [attorneyphonenumber] #$ CounselforPetitioner $.  *CounselofRecord &B"!  a ,   ,  'L#" 8›dd8QuestionPresented   x ,WhetherCaliforniasDeterminateSentencingLaw,bypermitting  sentencingjudgestoimposeenhancedsentencesbasedontheir  determinationoffactsnotfoundbythejuryoradmittedbythe  , defendant,violatestheSixthandFourteenthAmendments,pursuant  @ toApprendiv.NewJersey,530U.S.466,490,147L.Ed.2d435,120 T  S.Ct.2348(2000)andBlakelyv.Washington,542U.S.296,159L.Ed. h  2d,124S.Ct.2531(2004). ,| TheidenticalquestionispendingbeforethisCourtin @ Cunninghamv.California,no.056551,cert.grantedFeb.21,2006.___ T U.S.___,___S.Ct.___,2006WL386377. h  |       PartiestotheProceedings     ThepartiestotheproceedingsintheCaliforniaCourtofAppeal  includedtheStateofCaliforniaandpetitioner_____________.There  arenopartiestotheproceedingsotherthanthosenamedinthe  , petition.   @    ,TableofContents  0   Page      QuestionsPresented E .#_i_Ԉ    PartiestotheProceedingsT T D .)ii    *   TableofContents  C . iii  0     IndexofAppendices  D ."iv D  Tableof_Authorities_V V E .#v X      PetitionforWritofCertiorari F .. l     OpinionsBelow F .   0  (Jurisdiction F .\ \  D ConstitutionalandStatutoryProvisions_Involved_ F .ff? X __ ,A.FederalConstitutionalProvisions F .5 l B.StateStatutoryProvisions F ..  C.CaliforniaRulesofCourt F .-   ,a_Statement_ԀoftheCase F .$ ! _Reasons_ԀforGrantingtheWrit F .@@, #  _Conclusion_ F .D D  % !   ,<       '4#" IndexofAppendices  Usenote:Eitheroptionbelowmayneedtobeadapted,depending  onwhatappendicesareactuallyused.   Option1 :    ,A.0 ` OpinionoftheCaliforniaCourtofAppeal,filed________. (` `  B.0 ` OrderofCaliforniaSupremeCourtdenyingreview,filed <  ______.P ` `  C.0 ` ReportersTranscriptof[DateofSentencing],Sentencing d HearinginPeoplev.[petitionersname],[nameofcounty] (x CountySuperiorCourt,no.__________.<` `  D.0 ` _Rules_Ԁ4.420,4.421,4.423oftheCaliforniaRulesofCourt. P` `   , [Option2 d _ _ ,A.0 ` OpinionoftheCaliforniaCourtofAppeal,filed________.h` `  B.0 ` OrderofCaliforniaSupremeCourtdenyingreview,filed | ______.!` `  C.0 ` OriginalOpinionofCaliforniaCourtofAppeal,filed______.#` `  D.0 ` OrderofCaliforniaSupremeCourtRemandingfor %!   ReconsiderationinlightofBlack,filed________.'#"` `  E.0 ` ReportersTranscriptof[DateofSentencing],Sentencing  HearinginPeoplev.[petitionersname],[nameofcounty]  CountySuperiorCourt,no.__________.(` `   F.0 ` Rules4.420,4.421,4.423oftheCaliforniaRulesofCourt.  <` `   ,  ,TableofAuthorities    ,QE8dXXdd8O  No.򀀀     IntheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates  򀀀   ( OctoberTerm,[leaveblank,clerkwillfillin]  2 򀀀  <   F [appellantsnamehere],  P   Z  Petitioner d   n  v. (x   2  theStateofCalifornia <  F Respondent. P  Z 򀀀 d  n OnPetitionForaWritofCertioraritotheCaliforniaCourtof x Appeal,FirstAppellateDistrict,Division[_____________]  򀀀     PetitionforWritofCertiorari   Thepetitioner,[appellantsnamehere],respectfullypetitionsthis   Courtforawritofcertioraritoreviewthejudgmentandopinionof " theCaliforniaCourtofAppeal,filedon[date].     $&    ,OpinionsBelow  &:"!  ,p  _ Use_Ԁnote:youmayconsiderincludingthesentencingtranscriptas (>$# anappendix,ifitisreadily_available.)_ *F&% O  8dXXdXXd8   Option1(forcaseswithinitialCourtofAppealopinionsfiled  postBlack):TheunpublishedopinionoftheCaliforniaCourtof  Appeal,whichisthesubjectofthispetition,wasfiledon[date],   andisattachedasAppendix(App.)A.TheCaliforniaSupreme   CourtsonepageorderdenyingreviewisattachedasAppendixB.   ThetranscriptofthesentencinghearingisattachedasAppendix   C.]   [Option2(forcaseswithoriginalopinionspredatingBlack):   TheunpublishedopinionoftheCaliforniaCourtofAppeal,which $ isthesubjectofthispetition,wasfiledon[date],andisattachedas ( Appendix(App.)A.TheCaliforniaSupremeCourtsonepage , orderdenyingreviewofthatopinionwasfiledon[date]andis 0 attachedasAppendixB.Theearlierandnowvacated, 4 unpublishedopinionoftheCaliforniaCourtofAppealinthiscase 8 wasfiledon[date],andisattachedasAppendixC.TheCalifornia  < SupremeCourtsorderremandingthecaseforreconsiderationin "@ lightofitsdecisioninPeoplev.Black,35Cal.4th1238,113P.3d $D  534,29_Cal.Rptr_.3d740(Cal.2005)wasfiledon[date]andis &L"" attachedasAppendixD.Thetranscriptofthesentencinghearing )P$$ isattachedasAppendixE.] +T&&   ,& , Jurisdiction    ,'  ThedecisionoftheCaliforniaCourtofAppealtobereviewed  wasfiled','on[date].TheCaliforniaSupremeCourtdenied  discretionaryreviewon[date].Thispetitionisfiledwithin90days  , ofthatdate.Rule13.1.PetitionerinvokesthisCourtsjurisdiction  @ under28U.S.C.section1257(a). T    , ConstitutionalandStatutoryProvisionsInvolved  h   ,)) $(93"3"  , 3*2  A  .3  0 `   FederalConstitutionalProvisions 3**݌l` `  Ќ  ,*TheSixthAmendmentoftheUnitedStatesConstitutionprovides,  p inpertinentpart: Inallcriminalprosecutions,theaccusedshall 4 enjoytherighttoaspeedyandpublictrial,byanimpartialjuryof H theStateanddistrictwhereinthecrimeshallhavebeen \ committed.... p TheFourteenthAmendmentprovides: NoStateshall...deprive  anypersonoflife,liberty,orproperty,withoutdueprocessof ! law.... #  , & , B. ` StateStatutoryProvisions  %!   , .Subdivision[___]ofsection[_____]oftheCaliforniaPenalCode '#"  ',%.provides: )(%$  , X  , [insertrelevanttextofstatutedefiningoffense,including   penalty]   ,:/ &/ X/ , /H/[Option.Iftheoffensestatutemerelystatesthatthe  punishmentis stateprison,addthefollowingoptional   paragraph:   Section19oftheCaliforniaPenalCodeprovides,inpertinent    part:     , XExceptincaseswhereadifferentpunishmentis   prescribedbyanylawofthisstate,everyoffensedeclared  tobeafelony,ortobepunishablebyimprisonmentina  stateprison,ispunishablebyimprisonmentinanyofthe   stateprisonsfor16months,ortwoorthreeyears....  "  X1 ,1 x1f1Subdivision(b)ofSection1170,oftheCaliforniaPenalCode & provides,inpertinentpart(emphasisadded): :   , XWhenajudgmentofimprisonmentistobeimposedand N thestatutespecifiesthreepossibleterms, thecourtshall X orderimpositionofthemiddleterm,unlessthereare b circumstancesinaggravationormitigationofthecrime .... d Indeterminingwhethertherearecircumstancesthatjustify  n impositionoftheupperorlowerterm,thecourtmay (!x considertherecordinthecase,theprobationofficers 2" report,otherreportsincludingreportsreceivedpursuantto <# Section1203.03andstatementsinaggravationormitigation F$ submittedbytheprosecution,thedefendant,orthevictim, P%  orthefamilyofthevictimifthevictimisdeceased,andany Z&!! furtherevidenceintroducedatthesentencinghearing.The d'"" courtshallsetforthontherecordthefactsandreasonsfor n(## imposingtheupperorlowerterm.Thecourtmaynot x)$$  imposeanuppertermbyusingthefactofany *%% enhancementuponwhichsentenceisimposedunderany  provisionoflaw.    & 6 X14 ,#4 4 , C.0 ` CaliforniaRulesofCourt ` `   ,9 9?4RelevantCaliforniaRulesofCourtareattachedasappendix [Dor  " F] ,including:  6  X'6i9Rule4.420.Selectionofbasetermofimprisonment  J  Rule4.421.Circumstancesinaggravation T  :Rule4.423.Circumstancesinmitigation ^   X:   ,& , StatementoftheCase "r   < , <Petitionerisentitledtoasummaryreversalandremandfor &v further',"<considerationinthelightofthisCourtsforthcoming : decisioninCunninghamv.California,no.056551. N On[date], [petitionerpleadedguiltyto][wasconvictedbyjury b of], ___________,aviolationofsection[_____].ClerksTranscript v ( CT)___. #  1      ׀Atsentencing,thetrialcourtfoundtrue[insertnumber  ofaggravatingfactorshere]aggravatingfactors:[listaggravating   factorshere].Thecourtalsofoundtrue[insertnumberofmitigating "  factorshere]mitigatingfactor:[listmitigatingfactorshere].The $  Courtthensentencedappellanttotheuppertermof[lengthof  sentence]years.App._____.   Inthestatecourtofappeal,petitioner,citingtheSixthand ( FourteenthAmendmentsandthisCourtsdecisioninBlakelyv.  < Washington,542U.S.296,124S.Ct.2531(2004),arguedthatthe  P judicialfactfindingatsentencingviolatedhisfederalconstitutional d  rightstoajurytrialandproofbeyondareasonabledoubt. (x   [Option1:lostincourtofappeal;reviewdenied < TheCaliforniaCourtofAppeal,rejectedpetitionersargument D andaffirmedhissentence.App.A___.Thecourt,boundbythe H CaliforniaSupremeCourtsdecisioninPeoplev.Black,35Cal.4th L 1238,113P.3d534,29_Cal.Rptr_.3d740(Cal.2005),agreedwiththe T statethattheCaliforniaDeterminateSentencingLaw( DSL)is X distinguishablefromthesentencingschemesinWashingtonand \ thefederalsentencingguidelinesandthatthereisno `! constitutionalrighttoajurytrialonfactsusedtoimposetheupper d# term.App.A____.Petitionersoughtdiscretionaryreviewinthe h%  CaliforniaSupremeCourt.On[date],thatcourtdeniedreview. l'""  App.B. p)$$ [Option2:appellantprevailedincourtofappeal's1st_opn_.;   reviewgranted;lostonremandinlightofblack;reviewdenied:  TheCaliforniaCourtofAppeal,initsfirstandnowvacated  opinion,foundBlakelyerrorandvacatedpetitionerssentence.   App.C___.TheCaliforniaSupremeCourtgrantedreview,   deferringbriefingpendingitsdecisioninPeoplev.Black,S126182.   OnJune20,2005,theCaliforniaSupremeCourtissueditsopinion (  inPeoplev.Black,35Cal.4th1238,113P.3d534,29_Cal.Rptr_.3d740 , (Cal.2005),holdingthatthereisnofederalconstitutionalrighttoa 4 jurytrialonfact-findingrelatingtoaggravatingfactorsusedto 8 imposetheuppertermunderCaliforniasDeterminateSentencing < Law.TheCourtalsoheldthatthereisnorighttoajurytrialon @ fact-findingusedinthedecisiontoimposesentences D consecutively"amatternotatissueinthiscase.On________,the H CaliforniaSupremeCourtremandedthecasetotheCourtof  L AppealinlightofBlack.App.D.On_________,theCalifornia #P CourtofAppealissuedanewopinion,theonenowonreview, %X  rejectingpetitionersBlakelyargumentinlightofBlack.App.A  '\"" ___.On[date],theCaliforniaSupremeCourtagaindeniedreview. )d$$ App.B.  +h&&   ReasonsforGrantingtheWrit   M  ThisCase,inWhicha_Blakely_/ApprendiChallengeto  CaliforniasSentencingSchemeWasPresentedandRejectedinthe  StateCourts,ShouldbeHeldforDispositionPendingThisCourts   DecisioninCunninghamv.California,no.05-6551.   ZMzM fM $(89$ CaliforniasDeterminateSentencingLaw(DSL)authorizesjudges   toimposeuppertermsentencesbasedonaggravatingfactorswhich  (  wereneitherproventoajurynoradmittedbythedefendant.In <  Cunninghamv.California,no.056551,certiorarigrantedFebruary21, P  2006,thisCourtwillbedeterminingwhethertheDSLviolatesthe d SixthAmendmentrighttoajurytrialandtheFourteenth (x Amendmentrighttoproofbeyondareasonabledoubt. < AsaddressedmorefullyintheCunninghamcertioraripetition, P Californialawauthorizesimpositionofan uppertermsentence d (ratherthanthepresumptive middleterm)onlyifthejudgefinds x aggravatingcircumstancesoverandabovetheelementsofthe   convictionoffense.Cal.Pen.Code1170(b). " Inthiscase,asinCunningham,thesentencingjudgebasedthe $  uppertermsentenceonhis/herownfactualfindingsofmultiple &"! non-recidivist aggravatingcircumstancesconcerningthe (,$# commissionofthecurrentoffense,including_________and *@&% ________.Becausethoseadditionalfactualfindingswerenecessary  toauthorizationofanuppertermsentenceof____years,ratherthan  amid-termsentenceof___years,thejudgesadjudicationofthose ( factsunderapreponderancestandarddeprivedpetitionerofhis  < SixthAmendmentrighttojurytrialandhisFourteenthAmendment  P righttodueprocess,justasinthependingCunninghamcaseandin d  Blakelyitself.Thiscasepresentsthesamequestionandshouldbe (x  heldpendingadecisioninCunningham. < TheBlakelyclaiminthiscasewaspreservedinstatecourt. P AppellantarguedthathewassentencedinviolationofBlakely.The d statecourtofappealdeniedtheclaimonthemerits,boundbythe x stateSupremeCourtsdecisioninBlack [citation] ;thestatesupreme  courtsummarilydeniedreview. [citation]    [optionaltexttobeadded,tothebodyorfootnotes,as  applicable:  !  OPTION1:Thestatecourtofappeal,initsfirstopinioninthis #  case(i.e.theopinionissuedpriortoBlack),heldthattheBlakely %!  violationinthiscasewasprejudicial,requiringresentencing.  '#"  OPTION2abracketedtextsinthisparagraphareexamples: )%$ Thiscaseinvolvesonlyaggravatingfactorsrelatedtothe + '& commissionofthecurrentoffense:[victimvulnerability]and  [abuseofapositionoftrust],andisthusunencumberedbythe  complexityofrecidivistrelatedaggravatingfactorsthatmightbe  coveredbytheexceptiontotherighttoajurytrialidentifiedin   Apprendi,530U.S.at48990(citing_Almendarez_-Torresv.United   States,523US224(1998)).     OPTION2bbracketedtextsinthisparagraphareexamples:   Thiscaseinvolvesonlyaggravatingfactorswhicharenotbasedon $ themerefactofapriorconviction:[victimvulnerability]and[poor ( performanceonprobation],andisthusunencumberedbythe , complexityofrecidivistrelatedaggravatingfactorsthatmightbe 0 coveredbytheexceptiontotherighttoajurytrialidentifiedin 4 Apprendi,530U.S.at48990(citing_Almendarez_-Torresv.United 8 States,523US224(1998)).SeeShepardv.UnitedStates,544U.S.13, @ 125S.Ct.1254,1262(2005)(readingAlmendarezTorresexception  H narrowly). #P  BecausethisCourtsdispositionofCunninghamwilldetermine %T  thelegalityofpetitionerssentence,thiscaseshouldbeheldpending 'h""  thedecisioninCunningham.  ,)|$$   & ,  Conclusion    Fortheforegoingreasons,petitionerrequeststhattheCourthold  this',!bcasefordispositionpendingitsdecisioninCunningham,056551,  andthengrantcertiorari,vacatethejudgmentoftheCalifornia  , CourtofAppeal,andremandthecaseforfurtherproceedingsin  @ lightofCunningham. T   h   ` *Zddd Xdd Xdd X  , d , d +  $@@ $Dated:_______________ ' '  Respectfullysubmitted,        _______________________  [attorneysname] & AttorneyforPetitioner"00 " j     $t _   Appendix    [insertappendicesACorAEnotedin OpinionsBelow  _section]     Appendix [DorF]   CaliforniaRulesofCourt   f  Rule4.420.Selectionofbasetermofimprisonment (   , (a)Whenasentenceofimprisonmentisimposed,orthe  0 executionofasentenceofimprisonmentisorderedsuspended,the  : sentencingjudgeshallselecttheupper,middle,orlowertermon  D eachcountforwhichthedefendanthasbeenconvicted,asprovided  N  insection1170(b)andtheserules.Themiddletermshallbeselected X  unlessimpositionoftheupperorlowertermisjustifiedby b  circumstancesinaggravationormitigation. l   &v  (b)Circumstancesinaggravationandmitigationshallbe 0 establishedbyapreponderanceoftheevidence.Selectionofthe : uppertermisjustifiedonlyif,afteraconsiderationofalltherelevant D facts,thecircumstancesinaggravationoutweighthecircumstances N inmitigation.Therelevantfactsareincludedinthecaserecord,the X probationofficersreport,otherreportsandstatementsproperly b received,statementsinaggravationormitigation,andanyfurther l evidenceintroducedatthesentencinghearing.Selectionofthelower v termisjustifiedonlyif,consideringthesamefacts,thecircumstances  inmitigationoutweighthecircumstancesinaggravation.    (c)Tocomplywithsection1170(b),afactchargedandfoundas  anenhancementmaybeusedasareasonforimposingtheupper  termonlyifthecourthasdiscretiontostrikethepunishmentforthe   enhancementanddoesso.Theuseofafactofanenhancementto !  imposetheuppertermofimprisonmentisanadequatereasonfor " strikingtheadditionaltermofimprisonment,regardlessoftheeffect #  onthetotalterm. $*   %4!  (d)Afactthatisanelementofthecrimeshallnotbeusedto &>"! imposetheupperterm. 'H#"  )R$# (e)Thereasonsforselectingtheupperorlowertermshallbe  *\%$ statedorallyontherecord,andshallincludeaconcisestatementof +f&% theultimatefactswhichthecourtdeemedtoconstitute  ,p'& circumstancesinaggravationormitigationjustifyingtheterm  selected.     Rule4.421.Circumstancesinaggravation    Circumstancesinaggravationinclude:     * (a)Factsrelatingtothecrime,whetherornotchargedor  4 chargeableasenhancements,includingthefactthat:  >   H  (1)Thecrimeinvolvedgreatviolence,greatbodilyharm,threatof R  greatbodilyharm,orotheractsdisclosingahighdegreeofcruelty,  \  viciousness,orcallousness. f    p  (2)Thedefendantwasarmedwithorusedaweaponatthetime *z ofthecommissionofthecrime. 4  > (3)Thevictimwasparticularlyvulnerable. H  R (4)Thedefendantinducedotherstoparticipateinthecommission \ ofthecrimeoroccupiedapositionofleadershipordominanceof f otherparticipantsinitscommission. p  z (5)Thedefendantinducedaminortocommitorassistinthe  commissionofthecrime.    (6)Thedefendantthreatenedwitnesses,unlawfullypreventedor  dissuadedwitnessesfromtestifying,subornedperjury,orinany   otherwayillegallyinterferedwiththejudicialprocess. !  " (7)Thedefendantwasconvictedofothercrimesforwhich # consecutivesentencescouldhavebeenimposedbutforwhich $$  concurrentsentencesarebeingimposed. %.!   &8"! (8)Themannerinwhichthecrimewascarriedoutindicates 'B#" planning,sophistication,orprofessionalism. (L$#  *V%$ (9)Thecrimeinvolvedanattemptedoractualtakingordamage +`&% ofgreatmonetaryvalue. ,j'& Ї(10)Thecrimeinvolvedalargequantityofcontraband.     (11)Thedefendanttookadvantageofapositionoftrustor  confidencetocommittheoffense.   ( (b)Factsrelatingtothedefendant,includingthefactthat:  2   < (1)Thedefendanthasengagedinviolentconductwhichindicates  F aseriousdangertosociety.  P   Z  (2)Thedefendantspriorconvictionsasanadultorsustained d  petitionsinjuveniledelinquencyproceedingsarenumerousorof n  increasingseriousness. (x   2  (3)Thedefendanthasservedapriorprisonterm. <  F (4)Thedefendantwasonprobationorparolewhenthecrime P wascommitted. Z  d (5)Thedefendantspriorperformanceonprobationorparole n wasunsatisfactory. x   (c)Anyotherfactsstatutorilydeclaredtobecircumstancesin  aggravation.    Rule4.423.Circumstancesinmitigation    Circumstancesinmitigationinclude:    ! (a)Factsrelatingtothecrime,includingthefactthat: "  # (1)Thedefendantwasapassiveparticipantorplayedaminor $$  roleinthecrime. %.!   &8"! (2)Thevictimwasaninitiatorof,willingparticipantin,or 'B#" aggressororprovokeroftheincident. (L$#  *V%$ (3)Thecrimewascommittedbecauseofanunusual +`&% circumstance,suchasgreatprovocation,whichisunlikelytorecur. ,j'& Ї(4)Thedefendantparticipatedinthecrimeundercircumstances  ofcoercionorduress,orthecriminalconductwaspartially   excusableforsomeotherreasonnotamountingtoadefense.    (5)Thedefendant,withnoapparentpredispositiontodoso,was ( inducedbyotherstoparticipateinthecrime.  2   < (6)Thedefendantexercisedcautiontoavoidharmtopersonsor  F damagetoproperty,ortheamountsofmoneyorpropertytaken  P weredeliberatelysmall,ornoharmwasdoneorthreatenedagainst  Z  thevictim. d   n  (7)Thedefendantbelievedthatheorshehadaclaimorrightto (x  thepropertytaken,orforotherreasonsmistakenlybelievedthatthe 2  conductwaslegal. <  F (8)Thedefendantwasmotivatedbyadesiretoprovide P necessitiesforhisorherfamilyorself. Z  d (9)Thedefendantsufferedfromrepeatedorcontinuousphysical, n sexual,orpsychologicalabuseinflictedbythevictimofthecrime; x andthevictimofthecrime,whoinflictedtheabuse,wasthe  defendantsspouse,intimatecohabitant,orparentofthedefendants  child;andthefactsconcerningtheabusedonotamounttoadefense.    (b)Factsrelatingtothedefendant,includingthefactthat:    (1)Thedefendanthasnopriorrecord,oraninsignificantrecord   ofcriminalconduct,consideringtherecencyandfrequencyofprior ! crimes. ""  #, (2)Thedefendantwassufferingfromamentalorphysical $6  conditionthatsignificantlyreducedculpabilityforthecrime. %@!   &J"! (3)Thedefendantvoluntarilyacknowledgedwrongdoingpriorto (T#" arrestoratanearlystageofthecriminalprocess. )^$#   *h%$ (4)Thedefendantisineligibleforprobationandbutforthat   ineligibilitywouldhavebeengrantedprobation.     (5)Thedefendantmaderestitutiontothevictim.   ( (6)The_defendants_Ԁpriorperformanceonprobationorparole  2 wassatisfactory.